Positive youth development, basic psychological needs, and adolescents’ outcomes : validation, cross-sectional, and longitudinal studies in the Philippines /

Open in iSearch

Student Theses

2023

Buenconsejo, Jet Uy

Thesis

Positive Youth Development (PYD), a movement that highlights young individuals’ strengths and contributions, has generated a number of studies showing how it relates to optimal psychological outcomes. Nevertheless, developmental scientists have noted scarcity of studies on the psychometric validity of existing PYD scales and the theoretical generalizability of PYD in interdependent contexts such as the Philippines. Further, few studies have utilized longitudinal research designs to offer evidence on how PYD predicts developmental outcomes over time. By adopting a three-fold investigation, this research aimed to identify the optimal factor structure (Study 1), cross-sectional correlates (Study 2), and longitudinal correlates (Study 3) of PYD using the Five Cs model, which characterizes healthy adolescent development as a combination of specific qualities, namely: competence, confidence, connection, character, and caring. Study 1 explored the factor structure and measurement invariance of the short and very short measures of the Five Cs of PYD among 1,116 Filipino grades 11 and 12 senior high school students (Mage = 17.61; SDage = .91) using confirmatory factor analysis. Study 2 examined the cross-sectional associations of PYD with positive (i.e., school engagement, perceived academic performance, psychological flourishing, and contribution) and negative developmental outcomes (i.e., depression, anxiety, and stress) while controlling for socio-demographic (i.e., age, sex, socio-economic status, and school type) and personality (i.e., Big Five personality traits and grit) covariates. Data for Study 2 were collected from 2,283 Filipino grades 11 and 12 senior high school students (Mage = 17.59; SDage = 1.54). Structural equation modeling was performed to assess how PYD relates to positive and negative outcomes. Lastly, Study 3 examined the longitudinal associations of the Five Cs of PYD with positive and negative outcomes while controlling for socio-demographic and personality covariates. Data for Study 3 were gathered from 1,620 Filipino grades 11 and 12 senior high school students (Mage = 17.15; SDage = 1.00) in two timepoints separated by a six-month interval. Cross-lagged panel modeling was used to examine the longitudinal effects of PYD on adaptive and maladaptive outcomes. Further, the mediating effect of the satisfaction and frustration of basic psychological needs (BPNs) were both examined in Study 2 and Study 3. In general, results of Study 1 showed support to the structural validity and measurement invariance of the bi-factor model of PYD in the Philippines. Study 2 confirmed the hypothesized cross-sectional relations between PYD as well as positive and negative outcomes via the satisfaction and frustration of BPNs, even after controlling for the influence of participants’ socio-demographic characteristics (i.e., age, sex, socio-economic status, school type), specific personality traits (i.e., agreeableness and emotional stability). Study 3 showed that PYD uniquely predicted subsequent positive outcomes via the satisfaction of BPNs, even after controlling for the same socio-demographic characteristics, specific personality traits, and the auto-regressive effects. Notably, bidirectional relations were found between PYD and depression in Study 3. The frustration of BPNs, however, did not mediate these associations. In general, these findings highlight the promotive role of PYD over its preventive role among Filipino adolescents. Results from this project have essential implications for researchers and practitioners in advancing the field of PYD as well as in in promoting adolescent thriving and well-being among youth samples in collectivistic settings such as the Philippines

LG51.H43 Dr 2023eb Buenconsejoju

https://educoll.lib.eduhk.hk/records/rT6VYZm7